Is There an Increased Risk of GERD After Helicobacter pylori Eradication?: A Meta-Analysis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Some studies suggest that eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) might increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in a portion of patients. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate this. METHODS: A comprehensive, English, multiple-source literature search was performed from 1983 to February 2007. Only randomized controlled trial (RCT) and cohort studies comparing the prevalence of GERD in patients free from GERD at baseline with Hp eradication vs. those with persistent Hp were included. Quality of RCTs and cohorts was assessed by Jadad and New Castle-Ottawa scores, respectively. Meta-analysis of pooled odds ratios (ORs) was performed using Review Manager 4.2.10. RESULTS: Twelve (7 RCTs and 5 cohorts) of 271 articles were included. In six RCTs using erosive GERD as outcome, the OR for the frequency of GERD in Hp eradicated group vs. persistent Hp group was 1.11 (0.81-1.53, P=0.52). In five RCTs using symptomatic outcome, the OR for the frequency of GERD in Hp eradicated group vs. persistent Hp was 1.22 (0.89-1.69, P=0.22). In cohort studies, the OR for the frequency of GERD in Hp eradicated group vs. persistent Hp was 1.37 (0.89-2.12; P=0.15). Test of heterogeneity was not significant for any analyses. The results were consistent in subgroup and sensitivity analyses, including cohort studies vs. RCTs, high-quality studies vs. low-quality studies, and use of endoscopic vs. symptomatic outcomes except for the subgroup of patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in cohort studies (OR: 2.04 (1.08-3.85); P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: There is no association between Hp eradication and development of new cases of GERD in the population of dyspeptic patients. However, in cohort studies, there seems to be a twofold higher risk of development of erosive GERD in patients with PUD. The effect in RCTs of patients with PUD did not show a significant difference.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it