Solubilized Nuclear DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases from Normal Rat Mammary Glands and from Transplantable R-35 Rat Mammary Tumors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The three major nuclear DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (enzymes I, II and III) were present in nuclear extracts from transplantable R-35 rat mammary tumors. Except for somewhat less enzyme III, their relative distribution resembled that of nuclear extracts from late-pregnant rats. When enzyme II from normal tissue extracts was incubated for RNA synthesis with cyclic AMP, inhibition was frequently observed, but this occurred less often with nuclear extracts from the R-35 tumor. In some experiments with both normal and tumor tissue, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP increased the apparent activity of nucleolar enzyme Ib and nucleoplasmic enzyme II, respectively. Nuclear extracts from both normal and tumor tissue contain proteins which bind radioactive cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Their patterns of binding were not identical. These results are consistent with the following hypothesis: altered binding by the tumor of cyclic nucleotides to putative nuclear 'r-gulatory' proteins (e.g. protein kinase subunits, or possibly other high affinity cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins unrelated to protein kinases) contributes to atative nuclear 'regularory' proteins (e.g. protein kinase subunits, or possibly other high affinity cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins unrelated to protein kinases) contributes to and may be responsible for some of the differences in response to cyclic nucleotides that were observed. It is possible that such defects occur in other tumors, or even represent a fundamental defect in all cancer cells. Several explanations for these results are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".