Effect of resistance and aerobic training on regional body composition in previously recreationally trained middle-aged women
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Twelve middle-aged women (mean age 41.9 +/- 1.6 y) performed variable-cam resistance training and aerobic training 3 times/week for 14 weeks. One repetition maximum (1 RM) significantly increased between pre-training and training week 7 (13.1%-17.8%), between training week 7 and post-training (10.8%-14.1%), and between pre-training and post-training (25.5%-30.9%). Total-body lean soft tissue and total % body fat determined by duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) significantly increased (2.2%) and decreased (1.4%), respectively. Arm, trunk, and total upper-body (arm + trunk) lean soft tissue significantly increased (0.7%-4.6%). Total body fat tissue and all regional measures of fat tissue and % fat showed no significant changes. Significant correlations were shown between pre-testing and post-testing 1 RM in the bench press, lat pull down, and overhead press in all instances, except for post-training bench press and total upper-body lean soft tissue (r = 0.58-0.90). In contrast, non-significant correlations were shown between pre- and post-testing 1 RM of the leg press, with the exception of pre-training and total lean soft tissue and pre-training and leg lean soft tissue. In conclusion, resistance training resulted in consistent strength gains in middle-aged women, which were accompanied by regional changes in upper-body composition, whereas lower-body composition moved in the hypothesized direction, but did not achieve significance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".