Prevalence and nature of violence among young female hawkers in motor‐parks in south‐western Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A total of 345 young female hawkers (YFH) from six motor‐parks in south‐western Nigeria were interviewed to determine the nature and extent of violent acts against them – particularly sexual harassment, economic violence, forced marriage and involuntary withdrawal from school. Beatings or batterings and being sexually abused in childhood were reported. The most common perpetrators of the abuse were drivers or bus conductors and neighbours and these acts mostly occurred in the motor‐parks and at home. About a quarter had experienced attempted rape, while about one in 20 had actually been raped. The rapists were spouses and boyfriends. Most of the victims did not seek care or redress. Concludes that violence is a major problem affecting YFH and recommends education programmes for men on both physical and sexual violence, and on culturally‐promoted, psychological and economic violence. YFH need to be empowered educationally and economically to enable them to resist violence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".