Rapid fingerprinting of 239Pu and 240Pu in environmental samples with high U levels using on-line ion chromatography coupled with high-sensitivity quadrupole ICP-MS detection
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A simple, rapid on-line analytical method for the determination of plutonium (Pu) isotopes in soil and sediment samples was developed. Microwave leaching was used to extract Pu from the major sample matrix. L-Ascorbic acid was found to be the most appropriate agent to convert all the Pu to Pu(IV) for chromatography. Flow injection chromatography using TEVA resin was optimized to separate, preconcentrate and elute Pu from other constituents of the sample including 238U. An APEX desolvation unit with a PEEK Mira Mist nebuliser was used to minimize clogging and hydride interferences. The advantage of using a high sensitivity quadrupole ICP-MS instrument for Pu detection was demonstrated. The detection limit was found to be 3 and 0.3 pg kg−1 for 239Pu and other Pu isotopes, respectively, which corresponds to a theoretical detection limit of ∼10 mBq kg−1 for 239+240Pu. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, Pu activities and atom ratios were measured for different sediments from the northern Asian region.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it