Fast Solid-State Li Ion Conducting Garnet-Type Structure Metal Oxides for Energy Storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lithium ion batteries are the most promising energy storage system on the market today; however, safety issues associated with the use of flammable organic polymer-based electrolytes with poor electrochemical and chemical stabilities prevent this technology from reaching maturity. Solid lithium ion electrolytes (SLIEs) are being considered as potential replacements for the organic electrolytes to develop all-solid-state Li ion batteries. Out of the recently discovered SLIEs, the garnet-related structured Li-stuffed metal oxides are the most promising electrolytes due to their high total (bulk + grain boundary) Li ion conductivity, high electrochemical stability window (∼6 V versus Li(+)/Li at room temperature), and chemical stability against reaction with an elemental Li anode and high-voltage metal oxide Li cathodes. This Perspective discusses the structural-chemical composition-ionic conductivity relationship of Li-stuffed garnets, followed by a discussion on the Li ion conduction mechanism, as well as the electrochemical and chemical stability of these materials. The performance of a number of all-solid-state batteries employing garnet-type Li ion electrolytes is also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".