On the function of hermaphrodite florets in female inflorescences of<i>Petasites japonicus</i>(Asteraceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To examine the function of morphologically hermaphroditic, but functionally sterile, florets in female inflorescences of Petasites japonicus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim., we conducted experiments in which all those florets were removed from female inflorescences. We hypothesize that those florets enhance female reproductive success by deceit, because they resemble the morphologically hermaphroditic, but functionally male florets, in male inflorescences. We found that the mean number of pollinator visits per inflorescence did not differ between the intact inflorescences and inflorescences in which such hermaphrodite florets had been removed. However, the mean duration of stay per visit to an inflorescence tended to be shorter in those with removed florets than in the intact inflorescences. The achene / female floret ratio was smaller in the inflorescences with removed florets than in the intact ones. We hence concluded that the hermaphrodite florets in female inflorescences enhance female reproductive success through prolonged duration of pollinator stay.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".