Priming Stimulation Enhances the Effectiveness of Low-Frequency Right Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Major Depression
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Low-frequency, right-sided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the prefrontal cortex has been shown to have antidepressant effects. Recent research has suggested that preceding low-frequency rTMS with a period of low-intensity, 6-Hz stimulation ("priming") enhances the physiological effects of low-frequency stimulation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether priming stimulation would enhance therapeutic response to low-frequency rTMS in patients with depression. METHOD: The study consisted of a 2-arm, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in 60 patients with treatment-resistant depression. Right 1-Hz rTMS was provided in one continuous, 15-minute train to all subjects. The priming stimulation (twenty 5-second, 6-Hz trains) or an equivalent, sham preceded 1-Hz stimulation. The primary outcome variable was the score on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). RESULTS: There was a significant overall reduction in MADRS scores across the 4 weeks of the study and a significantly greater reduction in MADRS scores in the active-priming group compared with the sham-priming group. CONCLUSIONS: Low-intensity, high-frequency priming stimulation appears to enhance the response to low-frequency, right-sided rTMS treatment in patients with treatment-resistant depression.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it