Finite Formulation for Modeling Guided Wave Structures Embedded in a Lossy Half-Space
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A Finite Formulation technique, the Cell Method, is applied to a transmission line embedded in a complex medium. Cell Method is a Finite Formulation numerical technique that uses a primal-dual cell complex and global (integral) variables instead of field variables (densities). A new time-harmonic finite formulation using a non-orthogonal dual mesh is presented that is based on choosing incenters of primal triangles as an alternative to barycentric dual points. In the incentric formulation, diagonal constitutive matrices are obtained and an eigenvalue problem is solved in the first step (zero-order approximation). A minimization procedure is then utilized to efficiently improve the accuracy of the zero-order solution. In this paper the effect of the non-perfectly conducting earth on the propagation constant is investigated as the location of a bare (or insulated) conductor passes through the interface of a lossy half space. It is observed that the propagation constant depends on the burial depth when it is less than the skin depth in the earth. It is shown that analytical (thin wire-based) approximations for the above-ground and buried cases fail when the conductor is close to or partially embedded in the interface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".