DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES of STARCH SOLUTIONS AS INFLUENCED BY TEMPERATURE, CONCENTRATION, FREQUENCY and SALT
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dielectric properties of starch solutions (1 to 4% w/w) were evaluated at temperatures ranging from 20 to 80C at 10, 20 and 30 MHz. the effect of added salt (0.2 and 0.5% w/w) was investigated in relation to changes in trends exhibited by the relative permittivity, loss factor and penetration depth. the relative permittivity ranged from 46 to 308 and 65 to 92 for solutions with and without salt, respectively. the corresponding loss factor ranged 266 to 4133 and 9 to 266, respectively. Temperature, frequency, concentration and their interactions had different levels of significance on the dielectric properties of starch solutions. Salt enhanced the relative permittivity, and its effect conformed to the anomalous dispersion phenomenon. the loss factor increased with increasing temperature and salt content, and penetration depths associated with salt‐enriched samples were low compared to samples without salt. Generally, the effects of temperature, frequency, concentration and salt on the dielectric properties of starch solutions were attributed to the complex interaction between conductivity, density, moisture content, loss angle and starch rheological properties. Excellent correlations were developed that could be used for estimating the dielectric properties of starch solutions with and without salt.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it