Normal Breast Milk Limits the Development of Colitis in IL-10–Deficient Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study examined the role of breast milk in neonatal bacterial colonization of the colon and disease progression in IL-10-deficient mice. METHODS: IL-10-deficient mice were cross-fostered at birth and raised until weaning with a normal mother. Results were compared with normal pups cross-fostered to an IL-10-deficient mother. Mice were examined at various ages for histologic disease, levels of colonic bacteria, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. RESULTS: IL-10-deficient mice that had been cross-fostered to a normal mother demonstrated normal levels of colonic adherent bacteria and reduced TNFalpha and IFN gamma secretion at 2 to 12 weeks of age. Histologic disease was significantly reduced up to 12 weeks of age. Normal mice cross-fostered to an IL-10-deficient mother had increased levels of adherent bacteria at 2 and 4 weeks and increased IFN gamma secretion. This group also demonstrated slight inflammation up until 12 weeks of age. CONCLUSION: Breast milk has a role in neonatal bacterial colonization. Changing the luminal environment of IL-10-deficient mice during the neonatal period alters the natural disease course.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".