Poly(Furfural-Acetone) as New Adsorbent for Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Poly(furfural-acetone) was prepared and used for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution. The optimum pHfor the removal was found to be 6. The adsorption kinetic of Cu(II) was studied, and the rates of sorption werefound to conform to Pseudo–Second-order kinetic with a correlation coefficient (R2=1), results indicate that thepH 6 of the system supported the adsorption of Cu(II) on PFA, which involve higher negative value of ?Go. Onthe other hand, the degree of spontaneity of the reaction increases with increasing temperature for allconcentrations of Cu(??). The positive values of ?H° reveals, the endothermic nature of the process and its valuelie in the range of physisorption. It was also observed that the randomness increases at the solid-solutioninterface from the positive values of ?S°. Estimation of sticking probability S* values reveal that the process isfavorable due to low value of S*(S*<1). Activation energy Ea values were consistent with values of ?H° bothare positive and their values lie in the range of physisorption.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".