Molecular characterization of aphids infesting sorghum in China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari), greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) and corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) are the main pests of sorghum in China. Genotype characterization and/or biotype identification of pests is the first step for cereal breeding programme to obtain resistant cultivars. DNA barcoding technique provides an effective tool for species and biotype diagnosis in various organism. In this study, we sequenced a fragment of 680 bp of cytochromecoxidase I (COI) gene from above aphid species collected from 16 sorghum growing regions in China. The results revealed that (i) No polymorphism was found in the mitochondrial DNA from different sorghum aphid and greenbug populations. The diversity in these two species was not as much as we expected, (ii) Three haplotypes were identified in corn leaf aphid clones. The most common haplotype was the same as that in Canada, USA and UK and (iii) Mitochondrial COI sequences could effectively distinguish different aphid species, and further different haplotypes within an aphid species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".