Fracture mechanics of specially orthotropic shells containing a crack
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents a theoretical analysis of specially-orthotropic shells containing a crack in terms of a crack-closure theory. The formulation of Delale and Erdogan for crack problems in shells is extended to include the effect of crack-face closure. The influence of material orthotropy and shell curvatures on the closure behaviour and consequently on the stress intensity factor are studied. It is demonstrated that crack-face closure has a significant impact on the stress intensity factor and it tends to reduce the maximum stress intensity factor. The crack-face closure effect on the stress intensity factor increases with the shell radii. In flat plates, as a special case of shells when the shell radii become infinitely large, the difference of the closure stress intensity factor between the closure case and non-closure case has a maximum. The influence of material orthotropy on the closure behaviour varies with the ratio of the two shell curvatures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it