Study by Differential Thermal Analysis of Reverse Spinodal Transformation in 15-5 PH Alloy.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alloy 15-5 PH is a stainless steel with 15 wt.% Cr and 5 wt.% Ni that is precipitation hardened by addition of Cu. In its semi-finished state, this alloy consists in Cu-supersaturated soft martensite; its high specific properties come from a final tempering consisting in a heating to 550-600°C, holding for 4 hours, and then air cooling. This treatment leads to nanometric Cu precipitation that hardens the material and to transformation of some martensite to reverted austenite which is then stable and provides ductility. While a' embrittlement of such steels is known to occur at temperature in the range 450-520°C, it has been reported that they can be sensitive to the same phenomenon after long term ageing at temperature as low as 300°C, with a significant loss of ductility and an increase of the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. Atom probe studies showed that this degradation is related to demixtion of martensite into Fe-rich and Cr-rich phases. Depending on the ageing temperature, demixtion can proceed through a nucleation and growth precipitation or by spinodal decomposition of the martensitic matrix. The present study reports differential thermal analyses (DTA) performed upon heating samples of material held at various temperatures (290-525°C) for various times (410 h to 8500 h) that have been characterized by atom probe. A clear DTA signal is obtained upon the reverse spinodal transformation that is further found to depend on ageing conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".