Acetylcholine-Synthesizing T Cells Relay Neural Signals in a Vagus Nerve Circuit
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Abstract
Neural circuits regulate cytokine production to prevent potentially damaging inflammation. A prototypical vagus nerve circuit, the inflammatory reflex, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production in spleen by a mechanism requiring acetylcholine signaling through the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed on cytokine-producing macrophages. Nerve fibers in spleen lack the enzymatic machinery necessary for acetylcholine production; therefore, how does this neural circuit terminate in cholinergic signaling? We identified an acetylcholine-producing, memory phenotype T cell population in mice that is integral to the inflammatory reflex. These acetylcholine-producing T cells are required for inhibition of cytokine production by vagus nerve stimulation. Thus, action potentials originating in the vagus nerve regulate T cells, which in turn produce the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, required to control innate immune responses.
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The record
- Venue
- Science
- Topic
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Field
- Neuroscience
- Canadian institutions
- University Health NetworkOntario Institute for Cancer Research
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Keywords
- AcetylcholineCholinergicVagus nerveVagus nerve stimulationNicotinic acetylcholine receptorNeuroscienceAcetylcholine receptorBiologyInternal medicineStimulationEndocrinologyMedicineReceptor
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes