Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Highly Prevalent and Correlates With Impaired Glycemic Control in Consecutive Patients With the Metabolic Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the metabolic syndrome (MS) are independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of OSA among consecutive patients with MS and to determine whether OSA is associated with impaired glycemic control. Fifty consecutive patients with a recent diagnosis of MS and no previous diagnosis of OSA underwent a polysomnography and anthropometric and laboratory measurements. The prevalence of OSA (apnea-hypopnea index >or=15 events per hour of sleep) was 68% and in the same range of all other individual components of MS. Moreover, OSA was associated with increased levels of glucose (P=.03) and glycosylated hemoglobin (P=.03) but not with body mass index (P=.30). Glycosylated hemoglobin was independently associated with glucose (P<.001) and apnea-hypopnea index (P=.03). The prevalence of OSA is in the same range as all the individual components of MS and is independently associated with impaired glycemic control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".