<title>Material-specific imaging of atherosclerotic plaque using coherently scattered x rays</title>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The formation and development of plaques in the arterial wall is a direct consequence of atherosclerosis. The composition of a plaque is of particular interest as it is thought to be an important indicator of vulnerability, or risk of rupture and thrombosis. Current diagnostic methods do not yet have the ability to fully characterize plaque composition. Coherent-scatter imaging, a technique being developed in our laboratory, produces images based on the low-angle scattering properties of tissue. As these properties depend on molecular structure, material-specific maps of the different components in a tissue can be created. Material-specific images were produced for an atherosclerotic carotid artery. The image distributions of fatty and calcified deposits agreed with visual examination of the specimen. Preliminary results indicate that fat and calcifications, two typical plaque constituents, can be identified and distinguished from the undiseased vessel wall using coherently scattered x rays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.094 | 0.020 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".