Soluble and Recoverable Support for Copper Bromide-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transition-metal-mediated living radical polymerizations (atom transfer radical polymerization, ATRP) have many potential applications, but the high concentration of residual catalyst colors their products. Supporting catalyst on insoluble solids has been used to reduce the content of residual catalyst and to reuse the catalyst, but the ability of the supported catalyst to mediate a polymerization is substantially reduced due to heterogeneity. Here we report a soluble but recoverable catalyst support for ATRP. Poly(ethylene)- block -poly(ethylene glycol) (PE-PEG) was soluble in toluene above 70 °C but insoluble at room temperature. CuBr supported on PE-PEG via tetraethyldiethylenetriamine thus mediated living polymerizations of methyl methacrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, and styrene as homogeneous catalyst at 80 or 100 °C, producing polymers with well-controlled molecular weight and very low polydispersity. The catalyst recycled at ambient temperature retained high activity and still mediated living polymerizations as well as the fresh catalyst. Subsequent block copolymerization confirmed its living nature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it