Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider causal coding of three jointly Gaussian correlated sources, X1, X2, X3, with a given covariance matrix and determine an analytic closed-form formula for its total rate distortion function subject to Mean Square Error (MSE) distortion constraints when all sources need a positive rate to be represented. It is first shown that the optimal reproduction random variables are jointly Gaussian with the sources. A novel causal coding scheme is then proposed to achieve the total rate distortion function, in which each source is first whitened with respect to all previous original sources and then encoded via encoding a proper linear combination of the residues of the previous sources with respect to all available encoded sources and the residue of the current source with respect to all previous original sources. The more-and-less coding theorem in causal coding of correlated sources - when sources do not form a Markov chain as X1→ X2→ X3, under some conditions on sources and distortion, the more sources need to be encoded, the less total rate is required - is also investigated for Gaussian sources. For the underlying scenario in which all sources need a positive rate to be represented, it is proved that the more-and-less coding is always revealed for non-Markov chain Gaussian sources.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".