ATOH8, a regulator of skeletal myogenesis in the hypaxial myotome of the trunk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The embryonic muscles of the axial skeleton and limbs take their origin from the dermomyotomes of the somites. During embryonic myogenesis, muscle precursors delaminate from the dermomyotome giving rise to the hypaxial and epaxial myotome. Mutant studies for myogenic regulatory factors have shown that the development of the hypaxial myotome differs from the formation of the epaxial myotome and that the development of the hypaxial myotome depends on the latter within the trunk region. The transcriptional networks that regulate the transition of proliferative dermomyotomal cells into the predominantly post-mitotic hypaxial myotome, as well as the eventual patterning of the myotome, are not fully understood. Similar transitions occurring during the development of the neural system have been shown to be controlled by the Atonal family of helix-loop-helix transcription factors. Here, we demonstrate that ATOH8, a member of the Atonal family, is expressed in a subset of embryonic muscle cells in the dermomyotome and myotome. Using the RNAi approach, we show that loss of ATOH8 in the lateral somites at the trunk level results in a blockage of differentiation and thus causes cells to be maintained in a predetermined state. Furthermore, we show that ATOH8 is also expressed in cultured C2C12 mouse myoblasts and becomes dramatically downregulated during their differentiation. We propose that ATOH8 plays a role during the transition of myoblasts from the proliferative phase to the differentiation phase and in the regulation of myogenesis in the hypaxial myotome of the trunk.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".