Angle-resolved spectroscopy using a radial angular filter array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a novel optical filter called the Radial Angular Filter Array (RAFA) for real-time measurement of the angular and spectral distribution of diffuse light exiting a turbid medium. The RAFA consists of a radiallydistributed series of 48 micro-channels micro-machined into a silicon substrate. To test the device, we constructed an angle-resolved spectroscopy system by integrating a wideband light source, the RAFA, and an imaging spectrometer. The collimated broadband light source was configured to trans-illuminate a turbid sample over a wide range of wavelengths in the near infrared spectral region. The RAFA was used to collect the angular distribution of light exiting the turbid sample. The imaging spectrometer decomposed the output of the RAFA into hyperspectral images representative of scatter angle and wavelength. By scanning the RAFA and imaging spectrometer over the sample, the intensity of the scattered light was acquired as a function of location on the sample surface, wavelength, and angle relative to the surface normal. With angle resolved spectroscopy it will be possible to characterize the optical properties of turbid samples in great detail.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".