Fabrication and Microstructure Control of Nanoscale Mechanical Testing Specimens via Electron Beam Lithography and Electroplating
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the mechanical properties of materials change significantly when external dimensions are confined to the nanoscale. Currently, the dominant fabrication method for mechanical testing specimens with nanometer dimensions is by using focused ion beam (FIB) milling, which results in inevitable Ga(+) induced damage to the microstructure. Here, we report a FIB-less fabrication technique to create arrays of vertically oriented gold and copper nanopillars based on patterning polymethylmethacrylate by electron beam lithography and subsequent electroplating into the prescribed template. This fabrication process is capable of producing a wide range of microstructures: from single crystals and nanotwinned, to bi-, poly-, and nanocrystalline mechanical testing specimens with diameters from 750 down to 25 nm with the diameter range below 100 nm previously inaccessible by FIB.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it