Age-related elevations in intraindividual variability on associative memory tasks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Age-related elevations in cognitive intraindividual variability (IIV) have been linked to reduced executive control associated with decline in frontal lobe function. However, the theoretical conceptualization of IIV in cognitive aging may be constrained by limited study of the extent to which age-related elevations in IIV may be observed on cognitive processes sensitive to aging, but not primarily reliant on frontal systems. To address this empirical gap, the present study investigated age-related differences in IIV on two associative memory tasks. Older adults showed elevated IIV on both tasks compared to younger adults. Elevated IIV was correlated with slowed response speed across both groups and tasks; IIV-accuracy correlations were mixed. Findings suggest that IIV may reflect age-related decline in distributed neural networks, including medial temporal regions, in addition to frontal systems dysfunction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".