State‐Society Relations in the Making of Canadian Immigration Policy during the Mulroney Era*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Des conceptions différentes de l'unité des fractions de classe sont à la base d'importantes divergences théoriques dans la sociologie de l'État. Ces conceptions sont examinées ici en fonction du rema‐niement de la politique fédérale des taux d'immigration sous le gouvernement conservateur du premier ministre Brian Mulroney. Fondée sur des documents, des entrevues et des déclarations publi‐ques, cette étude montre que, pour les syndicats aussi bien que pour les représentants du secteur privé, la politique des niveaux d'immigration était un sujet de peu d'importance sur lequel l'opinion était divisée pendant les années quatre‐vingt. Par conséquent, le poids de la sociétéétait faible lorsque des bureaucrates et des politiciens du gouvernement fédéral ont décidé de rompre le lien qui, depuis les années quarante, avait associé l'iinmigration au chômage. Competing theories in the sociology of the state turn on different assumptions about the unity of class fractions. This study examines these assumptions in light of changes in immigration levels management under the Progressive Conservative government of Brian Mulroney. Documents, interviews and public statements show immigration levels management was a subject of dissent and some disinterest among economic elites as well as organized labour during the 1980s. Federal bureaucrats and politicians therefore enjoyed a large margin of autonomy in disassociating the cycles of immigration and domestic unemployment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.032 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".