Using the MODIS land surface temperature product for mapping permafrost: an application to northern Québec and Labrador, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Land Surface Temperature (LST) products of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) aboard NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites were used to develop maps of annual near‐surface temperatures for comparison with the spatial distribution of permafrost and boundaries of the permafrost zones. The methodological approach involved fitting a sinusoidal model over the daily LST readings to reproduce seasonal thermal variations near the ground for each 1‐km2 pixel. Calculations of mean annual surface temperatures and of thawing and freezing indices led to the development of regional maps, in this case for northern Québec and Labrador. The maps show the expected geographic distribution of near‐surface temperatures and acceptably represent known permafrost boundaries. Ongoing efforts to incorporate snow and vegetation cover from complementary remotely sensed data should improve the ground surface temperature mapping capability based on this approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".