Cold Spray Characteristics of Commercially Pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ti and Ti-6Al-4V coatings were deposited by cold gas dynamic spray process using nitrogen as propellant gas. For Ti, the inlet gas temperature and pressure were varied for two different powder morphologies in such a way that the average particle velocity ranged from ~600 to 850 m/s. In addition, the nozzle traverse speed was varied. For all conditions, the deposition efficiency, the porosity, and the microhardness were measured. It is shown that the porosity level decreased as the gas temperature and pressure increased, whereas the velocity, deposition efficiency, and microhardness increased. Furthermore, it is observed that a lower nozzle traverse speed engendered a softer coating. The coating adhesion on a grit 24 Al2O3 blasted mild steel surface was established to be greater than 78.8 MPa. In addition, a Ti-6Al-4V coating was produced and was determined to be slightly more porous compared to a CP Ti coating.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".