The Interstellar Environment of the Wolf-Rayet Star WR 143
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As part of a systematic study of the environment of Galactic WR stars, a region along the line of sight to Cygnus ( l = 77.5°, b = 0°) has been studied. The neutral hydrogen 21 cm line distribution shows the existence of a cavity expanding from the Wolf-Rayet star WR 143. This cavity, created by the stellar wind of the star, has a mean radius of 7 pc (assuming a distance of about 1 kpc), an expansion velocity of more than 8 km s -1 , and a missing mass of some 150 M ⊙ and seems to be surrounded by an H I shell, likely made up of the gas pushed by the star. Although this hole (also called bubble) is quite conspicuous in H I, there seems to be no trace of it at the other wavelengths studied (radio continuum and infrared). All radio observations were obtained at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory as part of the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".