Thermotropic Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Copolymers Containing Both Mono- and Bisazobenzene Mesogens: Synthesis and Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel series of copolymers containing push−pull bisazobenzene (BAz) and monoazobenzene (MAz) groups with various N -alkyl donor groups and with spacers of two and four methylene units is presented, and the effects of the structural variables on the mesomorphic properties of the polymers are investigated. The copolymer with very short spacer ( n = 2) and bulky N -ethyl group exhibits liquid crystalline (LC) properties when the BAz content is at least 30 mol %. Replacing the N -ethyl group with N -methyl increases the tendency toward smectic mesomorphism and expands the mesophases stability. If the flexible spacer is extended to four methylene units, the glass transition temperature ( T g ) decreases strongly, whereas the isotropization temperature ( T i ) is only slightly affected. X-ray diffraction investigations reveal an orthogonal partial bilayer smectic phase in which the mesogens are interdigitated. Annealing the BAz polymer films above T g brings about the out-of-plane (homeotropic) orientation of chromophores and the formation of H-aggregates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".