Polar baseband receiver for low-end WLAN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many modern wireless communication technologies (e.g., WiMAX, LTE, and 802.11a/g/n/ac WLAN) rely on OFDM and support multiple data rates. To make the computational effort of an OFDM-based receiver adjustable to variable data rate requirements, we advocate the use of polar coordinates (i.e., magnitude/angle representation) during baseband processing of complex-valued samples in the frequency domain, as opposed to conventional Cartesian coordinates (i.e., in-phase/quadrature representation). We evaluate our proposed polar receiver in the context of the low-end OFDM-based 802.11a WLAN standard that supports eight data rates: BPSK-modulated 6 and 9 Mbps, QPSK-modulated 12 and 18 Mbps, 16-QAM-modulated 24 and 36 Mbps, and 64-QAM-modulated 48 and 54 Mbps. Our approach reduces the number of required frequency-domain multiplications (i.e., excluding time-domain, FFT, and post-demodulation computations) by at least 53% in comparison to a workload associated with a conventional Cartesian receiver.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".