Description et analyse du glissement de terrain meurtrier du 25 octobre 1870 dans le rang des Lahaie, Sainte-Geneviève-de-Batiscan, Québec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents and analyses a deadly landslide that occurred in October 1870 on a clay slope of the Champlain River at Sainte-Geneviève-de-Batiscan, Quebec. Based on contemporary newspapers and a coroner's report, we can now determine the time of origin, the number and the names of the casualties, and the circumstances of their death. The landslide occurred on 25 October 1870, killing three people instantly while mortally wounding a fourth one. Correlating information with land ownership, we determined that the landslide was located in the rang des Lahaie, in Sainte-Geneviève-de-Batiscan. A number of factors could have lead to the triggering of the landslide : vibrations from the magnitude 6 ½ Charlevoix earthquake of 20 October 1870 or its aftershocks, rainfall, riverbank erosion, or local natural gas sources. Results from recent geotechnical borings indicate that the landslide has occurred in homogeneous clay sequences that should not liquefy under seismic vibrations. We infer that the enhanced fall season water infiltration, possibly coupled with river bank erosion, may have favoured the triggering of this event. The geotechnical properties of the clay, the morphology of the landslide scar, together with the description of a witness all suggest that the event was a quick clay landslide, typical of many others identified along the Champlain River.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".