Coherent control of optical injection of spin and currents in topological insulators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Topological insulators have surface states with a remarkable helical spin structure, with promising prospects for applications in spintronics. Strategies for generating spin-polarized currents, such as the use of magnetic contacts and photoinjection, have been the focus of extensive research. While several optical methods for injecting currents have been explored, they have all focused on one-photon absorption. Here we consider the use of both a fundamental optical field and its second harmonic, which allows the injection of spin-polarized carriers and current by a nonlinear process involving quantum interference between one- and two-photon absorption. General expressions are derived for the injection rates in a generic two-band system, including those for one- and two-photon absorption processes as well as their interference. Results are given for carrier, spin density, and current injection rates on the surface of topological insulators, for both linearly and circularly polarized light. We identify the conditions that would be necessary for experimentally verifying these predictions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".