Searching for Gravitational Waves from Sub-Solar Mass Black Holes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We are searching for gravitational-wave signals from sub-solar mass black hole binary systems in initial Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) data. The most likely candidates for such systems are primordial black holes that have formed from the collapse of quantum fluctuations in the early universe. Primordial black holes have not yet been ruled out by microlensing experiments, but the allowable masses have been restricted. The gravitational- wave strain from such an inspiralling binary system is well modeled with the post- Newtonian formalism. Therefore, a modeled search for gravitational-wave signals is employed. The search technique is known as matched filtering and is implemented using a codebase that is well-suited for fast searches with long signals. One of the biggest challenges in performing this search is dealing with the heavy computational burden. The gravitational-wave signals from such low-mass binary systems are long (about 10 minutes) and require a large number of models, or templates, spread across the parameter space. A large effort has been focused on speeding up the search while using a reasonable amount of computational resources.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".