Three-dimensional stress effects on time-dependent swelling behaviour of shaly rocks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a time-dependent constitutive model that has been developed for the swelling of shaly rocks. Laboratory test results on many shales, including Queenston shale, show that the swelling of these rocks depends on the applied stresses. The applied stress in one principal stress direction reduces swelling strain not only in that direction but also in the perpendicular directions. It was found that swelling strain reductions are nonlinearly dependent on applied stress. The reduction in lateral swelling caused as a result of axial stress is modeled using the "pseudo-Poisson's effect". The proposed model is used to simulate the development of swelling strain with time under uniaxial and biaxial stress conditions. Comparison between the computed and experimental results shows that the pseudo-Poisson's effect is a key parameter for simulating the observed time-dependent swelling.Key words: swelling, Queenston shale, modeling, three-dimensional stress effect, nonlinearity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".