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Record W2009726665 · doi:10.2118/148989-ms

Upscaling THAI: Experiment to Pilot

2011· article· en· W2009726665 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Unconventional Resources Conference · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldChemistry
TopicPetroleum Processing and Analysis
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCombustionPetroleum engineeringSteam injectionSaturation (graph theory)Front (military)Stage (stratigraphy)HomogeneousComputer simulationGeologyEnhanced oil recoveryEnvironmental scienceEngineeringSimulationThermodynamicsChemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract Numerical simulation of the insitu combustion process is complicated by sharp gradients, with different temporal and special regimes applying to the reaction front and diffusional transport. It is not possible to achieve fine scale solutions at field scale in a reasonable time, owing to the onerous computer requirements. Instead, grid coarsening procedures were used. Simulation solutions were obtained for a homogeneous reservoir section of the THAI® field pilot, near Conklin, Alberta, Canada. The reservoir model did not include an interbedded shale layer, or bottom water layer, and the study therefore represents a non-optimal, first stage simulation of the THAI process, prior to incorporating more reservoir complexities. The results show that the process is inherently stable over a six year operating period, since there was no oxygen in the produced gas. High temperatures are generated in the narrow combustion front zone (900 °C) but 60 m ahead the temperature is 500 – 600 °C. Rapid desaturation of reservoir water takes place ahead of the combustion front, allowing combustion gases to enter into the colder bitumen layers, thereby creating some oil mobility. Of particular significance, is the existence of a narrow, high saturation, Steam Zone, extending to more than 15 m, and up to 30 m during later stages of production. The steam zone propagates at up three times faster than that of the combustion front. Also, the Mobile Oil Zone (MOZ) is very significant characteristic of the THAI process throughout the whole production period. However, the temperature in the MOZ, close to the horizontal producer well, is quite low, around 150–180 °C. The oil recovery factor was approximately 60 % in the zone swept by the gas-steam front. Oil production peaked at 69 m3/day rate, averaging 350 barrrels per day for the single well pair.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.833
Threshold uncertainty score0.986

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0150.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.064
GPT teacher head0.247
Teacher spread0.182 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it