Electronic stabilization of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>dopant superlattice on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>111</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mtext>−</mml:mtext><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Au</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The $\mathrm{Si}(111)5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Au}$ surface exhibits a chain structure with additional Si atoms on top of the chains. They dope the chains to achieve the optimum band filling, according to recent local density calculations. Surprisingly, the Si atoms form a half-filled, disordered $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ lattice fluid, not an ordered $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}8$ lattice. From their autocorrelation function an interatomic potential with $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ periodicity was deduced. An explanation for the $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ periodicity is provided by establishing a connection to the electronic structure near the Fermi level ${E}_{F}$, which is mapped by angle-resolved photoemission. The constant energy surfaces near ${E}_{F}$ consist of one-dimensional lines at the boundaries of a $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ Brillouin zone. Such nested features of high density of states are capable of triggering a $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ superlattice interaction. The measurements establish a two-way connection between electronic structure and interatomic potentials: A one-dimensional Fermi surface instability triggers a superlattice of extra atoms, and the atoms provide the correct number of electrons for such an instability to occur. The band structure is discussed in view of the recently observed phase-separation into nanometer-sized segments of metallic and semiconducting character.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.032 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".