X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of two nitrogen-containing polymer surfaces metallized by nickel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The metallization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) and polystyrene (PS) by nickel has been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Even if there is no significant loss of chemical elements during the metallization process, surface degradation is systematically seen by the presence of amorphous carbon at the interfaces. Nickel oxidation is detected by the presence of metal nitride (with PAN and SAN) and its concentration is directly proportional to the initial nitrogen concentration in the substrates. The analysis of metallized polymer surfaces exposed to air indicates that the changes induced at the surface of the polymer by the nickel condensation are irreversible and suggests the presence of a real metal nitride at the interface. The behavior of SAN under metallization is the sum of the behavior of PS and PAN; this copolymer can merely be represented as a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile repeat units with no particular effect due to their distribution in the macromolecular chain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".