DISCOVERY OF HIGH-ENERGY AND VERY HIGH ENERGY γ-RAY EMISSION FROM THE BLAZAR RBS 0413
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on the discovery of high-energy (HE; E > 0.1 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) -ray emission from the high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object RBS 0413. VERITAS, a ground-based -ray observatory, detected VHE rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations ( ) and a -ray flux of (1.5 0.6 stat 0.7 syst ) 10 -8 photons m -2 s -1 (1% of the Crab Nebula flux) above 250 GeV. The observed spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index of 3.18 0.68 stat 0.30 syst . Contemporaneous observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected HE rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of more than 9 , a power-law photon index of 1.57 0.12 stat +0.11 -0.12sys , and a -ray flux between 300 MeV and 300 GeV of (1.64 0.43 stat +0.31 -0.22sys ) 10 -5 photons m -2 s -1 . We present the results from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS, including a spectral energy distribution modeling of the -ray, quasisimultaneous X-ray (Swift-XRT), ultraviolet (Swift-UVOT), and R-band optical (MDM) data. We find that, if conditions close to equipartition are required, both the combined synchrotron self-Compton/external-Compton and the lepto-hadronic models are preferred over a pure synchrotron self-Compton model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".