Dynamic pricing for demand-side management in the smart grid
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intermittent renewable energy sources and the use of smart meters introduce a significant challenge for the reliability of the smart grid. Real-time pricing is an important demand-side management mechanism for improving smart grid reliability through dynamically changing or shifting the electricity consumption of users. Presently, the dynamic real-time pricing research in the smart grid mainly focuses on the interactions between a single utility company/retailer and its users. In this paper, we consider electricity liberalization, where more than one electricity retailer can co-exist in each region, and the retailers compete or cooperate with each other to achieve the highest individual or combined revenue. Two types of electricity users are considered in this paper: traditional electricity users who pay a fixed price and opportunistic electricity users who may change the electricity demand or even turn to another electricity retailer. Two game formulations are described for the proposed real-time pricing scheme. One formulation is proposed for a totally competitive environment. Another game formulation is proposed for a cooperative environment. Some simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed real-time pricing scheme.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it