Amphibian cardiac troponin I gene's organization, developmental expression, and regulatory properties are different from its mammalian homologue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In mammals, the expression of the troponin I-slow (TnIs) isoform is predominant in the heart during embryogenesis and, shortly after birth, is replaced by the cardiac-specific isoform, TnIc; a developmental switch thought to be mediated by thyroid hormone. Whereas, in Xenopus, TnIc is expressed at the onset of heart formation and is the only TnI isoform expressed in the heart. Herein, we demonstrate that the expression patterns of these genes appear to be common within the anuran lineage and, unlike their mammalian counterparts, are not affected by thyroid hormone. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism(s) governing the expression of the amphibian TnIc gene, we characterized the TnIc gene from Rana catesbeiana and used its 5'-flanking region to drive expression of green fluorescent protein in the Xenopus transgenic system. Our results demonstrate that a 300-bp minimal promoter containing intact GATA and CArG-box elements is sufficient to drive expression of this reporter gene in a pattern that mimics, both spatially and temporally, the expression of the endogenous Xenopus TnIc gene.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".