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Record W2011040670 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v63i1.863

Influence of Age on Frequency of Vancomycin Dosing

2010· article· en· W2011040670 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Michael Legal, Marisa Wan

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAntimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Canadian institutionsProvidence Health Care
Fundersnot available
KeywordsDosingMedicineVancomycinOdds ratioConfidence intervalPopulationRetrospective cohort studyLogistic regressionInternal medicineRegimenStaphylococcus aureus

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Background: Vancomycin is commonly prescribed at the authors’ institution because of a high prevalence of invasive infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a generally younger population. The most commonly prescribed empiric dosing interval is every 12 h (q12h). However, observations have suggested that younger adult patients require more frequent dosing, such as every 8 h (q8h). Initial underdosing of vancomycin may increase the risk of antibiotic failure.Objective: To determine whether patients under 40 years of age are more likely than older patients to require q8h dosing of vancomycin and whether recommendations can be made to alter current prescribing practices.Methods: This retrospective unmatched case–control study involved patients who had received vancomycin for suspected or confirmed severe MRSA infections. The cases were patients who had been confirmed as requiring q8h dosing, and the controls were patients who had been confirmed as requiring q12h dosing (on the basis of target predose serum levels). The influence of age (the predictor variable) on outcome (the vancomycin regimen) was evaluated by logistic regression.Results: The odds ratio for patients under 40 years of age requiring q8h dosing was 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5–6.3) (p = 0.002). Sixty percent of patients under 40 ultimately required a q8h regimen to achieve target predose serum levels. Patients who required q8h dosing took longer to achieve their first therapeutic serum level than those with q12h dosing (median 6 versus 4 days; p < 0.001).Conclusions: In this patient population, age less than 40 years was a strong predictor for requiring more frequent dosing of vancomycin. The authors suggest that doses of 15 mg/kg IV q8h be used empirically for younger patients with severe infections and normal renal function.RÉSUMÉContexte : La vancomycine est couramment prescrite à l’établissement des auteurs à cause de la prévalence élevée d’infections envahissantes à Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méthicilline (SARM) dans une population de patients généralement plus jeunes. L’intervalle posologique empirique le plus souvent prescrit est de 12 heures (q12h). Cependant, des observations ont permis de constater que les plus jeunes adultes requièrent des fréquences d’administration plus rapprochées, comme toutes les huit heures (q8h). Un intervalle posologique initial insuffisamment rapproché pourrait donc accroître le risque d’échec de l’antibiothérapie par la vancomycine.Objectif : Déterminer si les patients de moins de 40 ans sont plus susceptibles que les patients plus âgés d’avoir besoin d’une fréquence d’administration de la vancomycine toutes les 8 heures et si on peut formuler des recommandations visant à modifier les habitudes de prescription actuelles.Méthodes : Cette étude rétrospective de cas-témoins non appariés est fondée sur des patients qui avaient reçu de la vancomycine pour une infection à SARM confirmée ou soupçonnée. Les cas consistaient en des patients pour lesquels on avait confirmé le besoin d’une fréquence d’administration q8h et les témoins étaient des patients pour lesquels on avait confirmé le besoin d’une fréquence d’administration q12h (d’après les concentrations sériques résiduelles cibles). L’influence de l’âge (la variable prédictive) sur les résultats (le régime posologique de la vancomycine) a été évaluée à l’aide d’une analyse de régression logistique.Résultats : Le risque relatif approché pour les patients de moins de 40 ans qui avaient besoin d’une fréquence d’administration q8h était de 3,1 (intervalle de confiance à 95 % : 1,5-6,3) (p = 0,002). Soixante pour cent de ces patients ont finalement nécessité une fréquence d’administration q8h afin d’atteindre les concentrations sériques résiduelles souhaitées. Les patients qui avaient besoin d’une fréquence d’administration q8h ont atteint moins rapidement leur première concentration sérique thérapeutique que ceux dont la fréquence d’administration était q12h (nombre médian de 6 jours contre 4 jours, respectivement; p < 0.001).Conclusions : Un âge inférieur à 40 ans s’est révélé être un puissant facteur de prédiction du besoin de recourir à une fréquence d’administration de la vancomycine plus rapprochée dans cette population. Les auteurs suggèrent l’utilisation empirique de doses de 15 mg/kg i.v. q8h chez les patients plus jeunes souffrant d’infections graves et dont la fonction rénale est normale.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.018
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.003
Threshold uncertainty score0.011

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.018
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.285
Teacher spread0.272 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations9
Published2010
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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