Stable and Frequency-Hopping-Free Microwave Generation Based on a Mutually Injection-Locked Optoelectronic Oscillator and a Dual-Wavelength Single-Longitudinal-Mode Fiber Laser
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report a novel method to generate a stable and frequency-hopping-free microwave signal based on a mutually injection-locked dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser and an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO), with the mutual injection locking realized by sharing an optical path consisting of a polarization modulator and a polarization-maintaining phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating. The two wavelengths from the fiber laser are injected into the OEO to lock the generated microwave signal, while the microwave signal from the OEO is fed back into the fiber laser to injection lock the two wavelengths. Thanks to the mutual injection locking, the operation stability of the fiber laser and the OEO are substantially improved. A microwave signal at 11.8 GHz with a phase noise of -105 dBc/Hz at a 10-kHz offset frequency is generated. A stable operation of the system without frequency shifting and hopping is demonstrated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".