Optimal control of the isomerization yield in bacteriorhodopsin using tailored light pulses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The all-trans to 13-cis isomerization of the retinal chromophore in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) plays an essential role in Nature (e.g., in photosynthesis of halobacteria). bR is a candidate for optical nanodevices driven by laser pulses, and a prospective material for optical memory storage devices and photoswitches. From the viewpoint of possible applications of bR in nanodevices we performed an experimental study of the isomerization yield by excitation with tailored laser pulses, using a coherent control approach. With specially shaped excitation pulses (found in optimization experiments) we are able to manipulate the 13-cis yield in bR over an absolute range of 60% (30% enhancement as well as 30% suppression in comparison to excitation with a transform-limited pulse) while keeping the absorbed excitation energy at a constant level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".