Three–dimensional computation of turbulent flow in meandering channels and rivers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a three–dimensional (3D) numerical model for the computation of turbulent meandering flow is developed. A finite element calculation procedure combined with the two–equation k–ε and mixing length model are applied to the problem of simulating the 3D turbulent flow in closed and open curved channels. Near the wall a special approach is applied in order to overcome the weakness of the standard k–ε model in the viscous sub–layer. A special shape function is used in the near wall elements to accurately describe the strong variations of the mean flow variables in the viscosity–affected near wall region. At the free surface, a moving boundary condition combined with the surface tracking procedure is applied to determine the position of the free surface. Eventually, in order to solve a large nonlinear equation system, which is obtained from the discretization of the continuity and momentum equations, a segregated approach is applied. The segregated solver is guaranteed to have substantially reduced disk storage in comparison with a fully coupled solver.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".