Capillary models for liquid crystal fibers, membranes, films, and drops
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the capillary modeling science of nematic liquid crystals and its applications to the stability, structure, and shape of films, membranes, fibers, and drops. Liquid crystals are anisotropic viscoelastic materials possessing long range orientational order, and hence these models are relevant to the capillary science of anisotropic soft matter. A systematic multiscale approach is used to derive the equations that govern the shape of interfaces and contact lines. These shape equations generalize the surface Laplace and the contact line Neuman equations by introducing long range orientational order, gradient elasticity, surfactant adsorbants, magnetic and electric fields. The thermodynamics of capillary systems is used to reveal novel cross-effects such as adsorption-driven shape changes of surfaces and contact lines. The capillary models are used to analyze the structure and stability of films, membranes, fibers, and drops, of direct relevance to the processing and performance of structural and functional liquid crystals. Novel soft materials and mechanisms analyzed in this paper include: (1) stabilization of freely-suspended nematic films by orientation and molecular order heterogeneities, (2) orientational defects in polymer dispersed liquid crystals films, shown to originate from surface anchoring transitions, (3) electric field-induced curvature in membranes for sensor and actuator applications, (4) new helical morphologies of thin nematic filaments driven by strong interfacial anchoring, (5) tunable partial wetting through contact angle modification gradient and anchoring elasticity, (6) liquid crystal nanoemulsion shape control through anchoring effects, and (7) magnetic shaping in liquid crystal colloids. Readily accessible applications to biological liquid crystal materials and processes indicate that capillary modeling science will be a most active area of research in the very near future.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it