Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and pH Dependent Electrochemical Fate of Two Non-Ionic Surfactants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two new nonionic surfactants; 1-sec-butyl-3-dodecanoylthiourea (DTU) and 1-dodecanoyl-3-phenylthiourea (DPTU) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The detailed electrochemical fate of DTU and DPTU was investigated in a wide pH range of 2-12 by employing three electroanalytical techniques. The voltammetric signatures of the analytes showed a single irreversible anodic peak followed by two reversible peaks of the oxidation product. The irreversible behavior of the oxidation process was witnessed by the unequal components of total current in square wave voltammetry and scan rate based deviation of peak potential. The involvement of protons accompanying the electron transfer processes was ascertained from peak potential versus pH plots. Critical micelle concentration and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the synthesized surfactants were determined for the assessment of their cleaning, wetting and emulsifying properties.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".