Bibliographic record
Abstract
Laser spectroscopy of an antiprotonic helium ([Formula: see text]He + ) atom, a neutral three-body Coulomb system consisting of an antiproton, a helium nucleus, and an electron has so far contributed to the determination of antiproton mass and charge to a precision of 10 -8 . Recently, we have succeeded in producing long-lived (τ [Formula: see text] 100 ns) antiprotonic helium ions (two-body system: [Formula: see text]He ++ ). This was done by stopping ∼50 keV antiprotons decelerated by using an "inverse linac" (RFQD) in a very low-density helium gas target and selectively populating the ionic level by using laser tagging. It may be possible to use this two-body ion for future high-precision work.PACS Nos.: 36.10.k, 34.90.+q, 25.43.+t
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".