Detailed Numerical Simulation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis in a Radio-Frequency Induction Thermal Plasma System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
2D axisymmetric numerical calculations are conducted to model the thermo-fluid fields and chemical reactions leading to the formation of SWCNTs in an RF plasma system. A modified version of the SWCNT "reduced" chemical model is used to estimate the formation of SWCNT in an RF plasma system for the first time. The "reduced" model incorporates 14 species and 36 chemical reactions to predict the formation of metal and carbon clusters and SWCNTs. By combing the chemistry model into the RF plasma CFD code, the formation and development of carbon and metal catalyst clusters and their reactions which produce SWCNTs are shown. The chemistry model is shown to under-predict the yield rate of SWCNT. In order to better predict the yield rate, a sensitivity analysis is performed to modify the dominant reaction rates. The modified model predicts the yield of SWCNTs correctly within the range reported experimentally. However, more studies should be conducted to validate the accuracy of the model for different operating conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".