Miscibility Determination from Gas‐Oil Interfacial Tension and P‐R Equation of State
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Recently a new experimental technique of vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) has been developed to enable rapid and cost‐effective determination of miscibility in gas‐oil systems. In this study, VIT experiments have been extended to two standard gas‐oil systems of n‐decane‐CO 2 and live decane‐CO 2 at elevated pressures and temperatures. The VIT miscibilities of the two standard gas‐oil systems and the two reservoir crude oil‐gas systems, namely Rainbow Keg River (RKR) and Terra Nova, were compared with Peng‐Robinson (P‐R) equation of state (EOS) calculations. The close match of VIT miscibilities with other conventional experimental techniques in the standard gas‐oil systems, as well as the reasonable match obtained with untuned PR‐EOS calculations for several systems studied, clearly demonstrates the sound conceptual basis of VIT technique to determine fluid‐fluid miscibility in multi‐component hydrocarbon systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".