A simple cell for the analysis of nanoelectromechanical systems under gas pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A simple yet versatile apparatus for optical microscopy investigations of solid-state devices under high gas pressures is presented. Interchangeable high-grade sapphire windows with different thicknesses allow variable choice of trade-off between the maximum operating pressure and maximum spatial resolution. The capabilities of this compact chamber were tested by performing stroboscopic optical interferometry on nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMSs) under capacitive excitation. With a 1.7 mm thick sapphire window, the cell is safe to operate at pressures ranging from vacuum to 5 MPa. Minimal optical wavefront distortion allows NEMSs with linear dimensions of 0.1x1.6 microm(2) to be explored. For a sapphire window with a maximum thickness of 6 mm, the safe operating pressure increases up to an estimated 60 MPa; however, the increasing distortions inhibit signal from NEMSs smaller than approximately 0.5x1 microm(2). The cell can be used for confocal microscopy, microphotoluminescence and electroluminescence, light scattering spectroscopy, and reflectivity. The light weight and compact design of the chamber allow mounting on a precision piezomotion control stage or inside a volume tight apparatus such as cryostats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".